SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT
BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
AND LACKAWANNA COUNTY
REGARDING THE ACCESSIBILITY OF POLLING PLACES

This settlement agreement (the "Agreement") is entered into between the United States of America and Lackawanna County (collectively, the "Parties").

BACKGROUND

1. The United States Department of Justice (the “Department”) opened an investigation of Lackawanna County (the “County”) under title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended (“ADA”), 42 U.S.C. §§ 12131-12134, and title II’s implementing regulation, 28 C.F.R. pt. 35, to determine the physical accessibility of the County’s polling places to people with mobility and vision disabilities.
2. The County is a “public entity” within the meaning of the ADA, 42 U.S.C. § 12131(1), and 28 C.F.R. § 35.104, and is, therefore, subject to title II of the ADA and its implementing regulation.
3. The County operates services, programs, and activities within the meaning of Title II, including operating a voting program for federal, state, and local elections for which it selects and uses sites as polling places.
4. The County, through its Bureau of Elections, is responsible for reviewing the accessibility of each polling place and selecting each polling place. The County has 163 voting precincts.
5. During the May 16, 2017 primary election, the United States surveyed 57 of the County’s 163 polling place locations.  The United States found that many of the County’s precincts  are housed in polling places which contain barriers to access for persons with disabilities, and that the County violated title II by failing to select and use facilities as polling places on Election Day that are accessible to persons with disabilities. The accessibility barriers identified by the United States are contained in Attachment 1.

TERMS OF SETTLEMENT

Consideration

6. In consideration of the mutual promises contained in this Agreement, good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is acknowledged, and to avoid the costs, expenses and uncertainty of protracted litigation, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, enter into this Agreement.

Definitions

7. “Accessible on Election Day” means that a polling place is compliant with the 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design (“2010 Standards”) (28 C.F.R. § 35.104, as set forth in appendices B and D to 36 C.F.R. Part 1191 and the requirements contained in 28 C.F.R. § 35.151) on Election Day, whether such compliance is achieved through permanent architectural measures or through the use of temporary measures such as those provided for in Paragraph 16 below.
8. “Effective Date” of this Agreement is the date of the last signature below.
9. “Election” or “Election Day” as used in this Agreement shall include both primary and general elections.
10. “Election Day Surveyors” or “EDSs” are County personnel (or contractors) who will review compliance at polling place locations where temporary measures are to be implemented on Election Day.

Obligations of County

1. Accessible Voting Program
11. Lackawanna County shall not exclude individuals with disabilities from participation in or deny them the benefits of the voting program, or subject them to discrimination, on the basis of disability. 42 U.S.C. § 12132; 28 C.F.R. §§ 35.130, 35.149. The County shall select facilities to be used as polling places that do not exclude individuals with disabilities from or deny them the benefits of the polling place, or otherwise subject them to discrimination. 42 U.S.C. § 12132; 28 C.F.R. § 35.130(b)(4). The County shall administer its voting program in the most integrated setting appropriate to the needs of persons with disabilities. 28 C.F.R. § 35.130(d).
12. For all elections occurring after the 2019 general election, the County will implement measures to remediate the violations at polling places identified and as set forth in Attachment 1, to make those polling place locations accessible on Election Day, or will relocate those locations not remediated to an alternative accessible location pursuant to the process established in Paragraph 18 of this Agreement.  If the County asserts, and the United States agrees, that remediation or relocation to an accessible facility is infeasible, then the County shall comply with Title II’s program accessibility requirements. 28 C.F.R. § 35.150.
13. Nothing in this Agreement limits the County from making ADA-compliant, permanent modifications to its polling place locations instead of providing temporary remedial measures or relocating a polling place location.
14. The County shall maintain in operable working condition on Election Day those features of facilities and equipment (including permanent equipment such as lifts and elevators, and temporary equipment such as portable ramps, traffic cones, signs, wedges, and door stops) that are required to make polling places accessible to and usable by persons with disabilities. 28 C.F.R. § 35.133(a). If circumstances arise such that a polling place location that was previously accessible is no longer accessible because a feature of the facility or equipment is no longer operable, then the County shall replace the inoperable equipment, or relocate the polling place to an alternative, accessible location pursuant to the process established in Paragraph 18 of this Agreement. If the County asserts, and the United States agrees, that remediation or relocation to an accessible facility is infeasible, then the County shall comply with Title II’s program accessibility requirements.
15. The County will cooperate fully with the United States’ efforts to monitor compliance with this Agreement, including by providing the United States with timely access to polling places (including on Election Day), maps, surveys, and other information requested by the Department.  
16. The County agrees that the following measures will be implemented where necessary to make an otherwise inaccessible polling place accessible on Election Day. The list of measures is not exhaustive; the County may propose other reasonable temporary measures subject to the review and approval of the United States.
1. Portable ramps (including curb ramps) up to and including ramps six feet long, with side edge protection.
2. Portable wedges or wedge ramps.
3. Floor mats.
4. Traffic cones.
5. Relocating furniture or other moveable barriers.
6. Door stops.
7. Propping open doors.
8. Unlocking doors.
9. Signage, including parking and accessible entrance signage.
10. Portable buzzers or door bells.
11. Removing astragals (center door posts) that are not a permanent part of the structure from doorways.
2. Survey and Review of Polling Place Locations
17. The County will develop or utilize a survey instrument to assess whether a polling place location is or can be made accessible on Election Day, whether temporarily or permanently. The County may adopt and approve the June 2016 ADA Checklist for Polling Places as the survey instrument required under this paragraph, and if the County adopts the June 2016 ADA Checklist for Polling Places as its survey instrument and provides photographs and identifies appropriate remedial measures pursuant to Paragraph 16 of this Agreement, the instrument is deemed approved by the United States for the purposes of this Paragraph.  If the County chooses to develop its own survey instrument, the survey instrument will be based on the 2010 Standards and the United  States' "ADA Checklist for Polling Places" publication located at www.ada.gov/votingck.htm.   The survey instrument will include a requirement to include photographs and will also require the identification of appropriate remedial measures in Paragraph 16 of this Agreement. The survey instrument will be submitted to the United States for review and approval within 45 days of the Effective Date of this Agreement.  The County shall incorporate in its survey instrument any changes, additions, or modifications proposed by the United States.
18. The County shall review each newly proposed polling place location to determine whether it is accessible to persons with disabilities or could be made accessible on Election Day through the use of the remedial measures provided for in Paragraph 16 of this Agreement or through permanent modifications, before selecting the location as a polling place. The County shall use the survey instrument referenced in Paragraph 17 of this Agreement to make all future polling place location selections. If the County ultimately determines that a newly proposed location is inaccessible (as defined by the survey instrument) and cannot be made accessible on Election Day, then the County will reject the location and continue searching until an accessible location or one that can be made accessible on Election Day is found.
19. Beginning with the effective date of this Agreement, the County will survey the polling place locations not surveyed by the United States that the County intends to use in future elections, using the survey instrument referenced in Paragraph 17 of this Agreement. The County will provide these surveys to the United States as they are conducted, and will ensure that all are provided to the United States no later than March 31, 2021.
20. If the United States concludes that a survey was conducted in error, then the County will re-survey the portions of the polling place in question. If the United States concludes that the County has proposed a remedial provision that does not fully address the violation, then the County will propose and implement, subject to the review and approval of the United States, a remedial measure consistent with Paragraph 16 of this Agreement.  If the County chooses not to or is unable to implement one or more of the recommended temporary remedial measures, it will relocate the inaccessible polling place location to an accessible polling place location selected pursuant to the process established by Paragraph 18 of this Agreement.
21. For the polling place locations surveyed by the County pursuant to Paragraph 19 of this Agreement, by December 31, 2022, the County will implement the appropriate remedial provisions to make polling place locations accessible on Election Day, or will relocate inaccessible locations to an alternative accessible location pursuant to the process established by Paragraph 18 of this Agreement.
22. For the duration of this Agreement, when the County selects a new polling place location, the County will provide the United States notice within 45 days of the decision, along with copies of all surveys (and photographs) conducted in relation to the decision to use the location as a polling place. The United States’ approval must be obtained prior to the location being used in an election. The United States’ approval will be based exclusively on whether the proposed polling place location satisfies the survey instrument referenced in Paragraph 17 of this Agreement. 
23. If the County finds that it cannot implement a previously-agreed to or approved remedial provision regarding a specific polling place location, the County will immediately notify the United States and, upon request, meet and confer with the United States. If the issue cannot be resolved to the United States’ satisfaction, the County will relocate the polling place location to an alternative accessible location pursuant to the process established by Paragraph 18 of this Agreement.
3. Training
24. Prior to each election during the term of this Agreement, as part of its training program for Election Officers and poll workers, the County will provide training concerning temporary remedial measures, including:  (a) why such measures are necessary; (b) how the measures must be implemented (e.g., how to install ramps, the placement of mats over (and not in front of) thresholds); and (c) a description of the role of the County’s Election Day Surveyors (EDSs), as set forth in Paragraph 28 of this Agreement, and the need to follow the instructions of the EDSs regarding the implementation of temporary measures on Election Day.
25. After the 2019 general election, and at each training session for each election thereafter, the County will identify each Election Officer in attendance whose polling place was identified as non-compliant by an EDS compliance review from the previous election (pursuant to Paragraph 28 of this Agreement). The County will explain to each Election Officer the nature of the noncompliance and explain what the Election Officer must do to remedy the identified issues on Election Day.
26. After the 2019 general election, prior to each election during the term of this Agreement, the County will provide training to all EDSs designated pursuant to Paragraph 29 of this Agreement. The training of the EDSs will address: (a) temporary measures, including why they are needed and how the measures must be implemented (e.g., how to install ramps, the placement of mats over (and not in front of) thresholds); (b) how to resolve errors in the implementation of temporary measures on Election Day; (c) how to document the implementation of temporary measures on Election Day using checklists or compliance review forms referenced in Paragraph 28; and (d) what the EDSs are required to do to implement the requirements of this Agreement.
4. Election Day Compliance Review
27. In the materials provided to each Judge of Election for Election Day, the County will include a checklist of the temporary measures to be implemented on Election Day at each polling place location where such measures are required. The checklist must contain a place for a signature by the Judge of Election that he or she put the temporary measures in place and kept them in place throughout Election Day, from the opening of the polls to their closing, and be returned to the County along with other election materials. Copies of these checklists will be provided to the United States within 21 days of the election.  Electronic copies or copies in electronic form are acceptable. 
28. Beginning after the 2019 general election, and throughout the duration of this Agreement, the County will designate County personnel (or contractors) as EDSs to review compliance of at least ten (10) polling place locations where temporary measures are to be implemented on Election Day. The County and the EDSs will use the checklist developed pursuant to Paragraph 28 of this Agreement to review compliance on Election Day. The EDSs will be required to document their compliance reviews (both compliant and non-compliant polling place locations) with photographs. After documenting a non-compliant polling place location, the EDSs shall remedy any non-compliant implementation of a temporary remedy when possible. Copies of these compliance reviews will be provided to the United States within 21 days after the election.
29. If the County does not properly implement the temporary remedial measures necessary at a particular polling place location on Election Day in two consecutive elections, and the County does not make permanent architectural remediations, then the County will no longer use the polling place location and will relocate it to an accessible location or one that can be made accessible on Election Day pursuant to Paragraph 18 of this Agreement. If the County asserts, and the United States agrees, that remediation or relocation to an accessible facility is infeasible, then the County shall comply with Title II’s program accessibility requirements.

Training and Technical Assistance from the United States

30. Upon request from the County, the United States will provide training to the County personnel on the surveying process and the application of the 2010 Standards to polling place locations.
31. Upon request from the County, the United States will provide technical assistance to the County concerning the implementation of the terms of this Agreement, including assistance in preparing training materials and on ways to implement temporary measures to make a polling place accessible on Election Day.

Enforcement Provisions

32. Modifications:  If a Party wants to modify any portion of this Agreement, it will promptly notify the other Party in writing, setting forth the facts and circumstances to justify modification and the substance of the proposed modification. The Party receiving a request to modify the Agreement will not unreasonably delay notifying the requesting Party as to whether it will agree to the proposed modification. No modification will take effect unless and until the Parties memorialize the agreed upon modification in writing.
33. Delivery of Materials:  All notices, demands, or other communications, including reporting materials, to be provided under this Agreement shall be in writing and delivered by email or overnight delivery to the following persons and addresses (or such other persons and addresses as any party may designate in writing from time to time):

For the United States:

Michael J. Butler
Assistant United States Attorney
Ronald Regan Federal Building
228 Walnut Street, Suite 220
Harrisburg, PA  17108

For Lackawanna County:

Brian Jeffers (jeffersb@lackawannacounty.org)
Chief of Staff
123 Wyoming Avenue
Scranton, PA 18503

and

Marion Medalis (medalism@lackawannacounty.org)
Director of Department of Elections
123 Wyoming Avenue
Scranton, PA 18503

34. Enforcement:  The United States may review compliance with this Agreement at any time. If the United States believes that the County has failed to comply in a timely manner with any requirement of this Agreement, or that any requirement has been violated, the United States will so notify the County in writing and will attempt to resolve the issue in good faith. If the United States is unable to reach a satisfactory resolution of the issue within thirty (30) days of the date it notifies the County, the United States may file a civil action in federal district court to enforce the terms of this Agreement, or take any other action to enforce title II of the ADA.
35. Non-Waiver:  Failure by the United States to enforce a deadline or provision in this Agreement will not be construed as a waiver of the United States’ right to enforce any deadline or provision of this Agreement.
36. Publicly Available:  A copy of this document will be made available to any person by the County on request.
37. Applicability:  This Agreement shall be applicable to and binding upon the County, its officers, agents, employees, and assigns.
38. Entire Agreement:  This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties on the matters raised herein, and no other statement or promise, written or oral, made by any party or agents of any party, that is not contained in this written Agreement, including its attachments, shall be enforceable.
39. Counterparts:  This Agreement may be executed in counterparts all of which taken together constitute one document.
40. Limitation:  This Agreement is limited to resolving claims under title II of the ADA related to the facts specifically set forth in Paragraphs 1-5 above concerning physical accessibility of polling places. Nothing in this Agreement relates to other provisions of the ADA or affects the County’s obligations to comply with any other federal, state, or local statutory, administrative, regulatory, or common law obligation, including those relating to nondiscrimination against individuals with disabilities.
41. Term:  This Agreement will remain in effect for four years from the Effective Date.
42. Authority:  The person signing for the County represents that he or she is authorized to bind the County to this Agreement.